Everything You Need to Know About the American Flag
The American flag — known as Old Glory, the Stars and Stripes, and the Star-Spangled Banner — is one of the most recognized symbols in the world. Whether you are a homeowner flying the flag on the Fourth of July, a veteran honoring a fallen comrade, a teacher explaining civic symbols to students, or a new citizen preparing for your naturalization ceremony, this site is your trusted guide.
We cover the flag's complete history from the Continental Congress through all 27 official design changes, the full U.S. Flag Code and display etiquette, standard sizes and flagpole recommendations, and in-depth buying guides for every budget and use case.
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History & Symbolism
From Betsy Ross and the first Flag Act of 1777 to the current 50-star design adopted in 1960. Discover 27 official design changes and what each element means.
Flag Etiquette & Display Rules
Official U.S. Flag Code guidance on how to display, fold, and retire the flag with proper respect. Covers half-staff rules, indoor and outdoor display, and more.
Sizes & Specifications
Complete size chart from 2×3 feet to 30×60 feet. Find the right flag size for your flagpole height, porch, window, parade, or ceremonial use.
Buying Guide 2026
Nylon vs. polyester vs. cotton, Made in USA vs. imported, commercial grade vs. residential. Expert recommendations for every budget and use case.
What Do the Colors of the American Flag Mean?
The original Flag Resolution of June 14, 1777, specified only "red, white, and blue" without assigning symbolic meanings. The popular interpretations came later. When Charles Thomson presented the Great Seal of the United States in 1782, he wrote that white signifies purity and innocence, red signifies hardiness and valor, and blue signifies vigilance, perseverance, and justice. These meanings were adopted by tradition for the flag as well.
The 13 Stripes
The 13 alternating red and white stripes represent the original 13 colonies that declared independence from Britain in 1776: Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Virginia.
The 50 Stars
Each of the 50 white stars on the blue canton (the rectangular field in the upper-left corner) represents one U.S. state. Stars have been added as new states joined the Union, from the original 13 in 1777 to the 50th star added on July 4, 1960, for Hawaii.
How to Display the American Flag
The U.S. Flag Code (4 U.S.C. §§ 1–10) provides official guidelines for displaying and caring for the American flag. Key rules include:
- The flag should be displayed from sunrise to sunset on buildings and stationary flagstaffs in the open. It may be displayed 24 hours if properly illuminated at night.
- The flag should not be displayed in inclement weather, unless it is an all-weather flag.
- When displayed with other flags on multiple staffs, the U.S. flag should be to its own right (the observer's left) and at least as high as other flags.
- When flying at half-staff, first raise the flag to the peak for an instant, then lower it to half-staff position.
- The flag should never touch the ground, floor, water, or anything beneath it.
Read our complete Flag Etiquette guide →
Choosing the Right American Flag
Not all American flags are created equal. The right flag depends on where you plan to fly it, how often, and your budget. Here is a quick overview:
- Nylon: Best all-around choice for most outdoor residential use. Lightweight, colorfast, dries quickly, and flies in light breezes.
- Polyester: Best for high-wind or coastal locations. Heavier and more durable than nylon, but requires a stronger breeze to fly.
- Cotton: Traditional look, best for indoor display and ceremonies. Not suitable for extended outdoor exposure.
- Made in USA: Government-specification flags and high-quality commercial flags should be Made in the USA to meet federal standards (particularly for government procurement under the Berry Amendment).
Read our complete 2026 Buying Guide →